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高考英语短文改错考点归纳·错词考点
错词的情况最为复杂，大致可分为虚词选择错误、实词词形错误、同(近)义、形似词选择错误等。
一、虚词选择错误
① 介词或副词选择错误：这种情况极为复杂，各种情况都有可能。这里只提供几组作为参考：before / ago, among / between, after / in, below / under, on / above / over, across / through, except / besides, with / in(用), to / for (对于), like / as 等。
② 连词选择错误或连词与介词混淆。如：because / for(since, as), if / whether, if / unless, so as / so that, hardly … when / no sooner… than, while / when, till / until等。
③ 感叹句用词选择错误：how / what。
④ 冠词选择错误：a / an, a (an) / the。
二、实词词形错误
① 名词词形错误：名词的单复数形式，特别注意不规则名词的复数形式；名词的所有格，特别注意不规则复数名词的所有格，如：the children’s；名词所有格的绝对形式。如：My son is older than my elder brother’s.
② 动词词形错误：不规则动词的过去式、过去分词形式错误，特别注意几组易于混淆的词，如：lie(躺) / lie(说谎) / lay；hang(挂) / hang(绞死)；find / found(建立)；fall / fell(砍倒)；bear(忍受) / bear(生育)等的过去式与过去分词。非谓语动词用法的选择，特别是充当状语、表语、定语或宾语补足语时是用过去分词还是现在分词(取决于主语、名词中心词与宾语的关系)；在 to 后是用不定式还是动名词(取决于to是介词还是小品词)；以及在并列结构中后面动词的形式，必须与第 1 个动词保持一致。谓语动词时态形式的选择，是现在时还是过去时还是其他时态；情态动词和 will(would), shall (should) 等助动词后面的动词形式的选择(只能用原形)。
③ 形容词与副词词形错误：是用原级、比较级还是最高级，是加 more, most 还是加 -er, -est 构成比较级和最高级。
④ 词性选择错误：不同的词性充当不同的句子成分，要注意实词的词性是否适合其功能，不符合则应换用适当的派生词。其中特别要注意：连系动词后常用形容词充当表语，而不用副词。如：He feels cold. 作状语用副词，而不用形容词。如：He works well.
三、同义词、近义词、形似词选择错误
这里举一些常见的例子：
accept / receive, alive, living / lively, allow / let, alone / lonely, aloud / loudly, already / yet / still, also / too / either, number / amount / quantity, answer / reply, asleep / sleepy / sleeping, bring / take / fetch / carry, clothes / clothing, deep / deeply, cost / spend / take / pay, hard / hardly, high / highly, job / work, late / lately, lend / borrow, raise / rise, say / speak / tell / talk, sit / seat, sound / noise / voice www.68lou.com
高考英语短文改错考点归纳·缺词考点
一、缺一介词
① 有些动词后有时有介词，有时没有介词，可能混淆而缺一介词。如：attend a meeting, 但 attend ∧(to) the patient; prepare breakfast, 但 prepare∧ (for) the exam; join us, 但 join∧(in) a game.
② 表语形容词通常具有动词意义，很可能误以为是动词而漏掉介词。如：be afraid ∧(of) nothing, be present ∧(at) the meeting, be sure ∧(about) it。
③ except, instead of, from, since, till, until 后面可跟另一介词词组充当介词宾语，可能会漏掉第 2 个介词。如：
He came on foot instead of ∧ (by) bike.
A big bear ran out from ∧ (behind) a tree.
④ hundreds, thousands 等后面可能漏掉 of。类似的还有millions ∧ (of), dozens ∧ (of), scores ∧ (of)
二、缺一连词
① 汉语常用意合法，分句与分句之间往往不用连词，但英语里不行。如：
It began to rain, ∧ (and) they had to stop the match. (如果中间用分号可不用连词)
It was late, ∧ (so) we went home.
You like sports, ∧ (while) I’d rather read.
He looked for the key, ∧ (but) didn’t find it.
② 受汉语影响，并列动词词组之间可能缺一个and。如：
She smiled ∧ (and) said good-bye to her father.
③ 名词性从句 that分句置于句首或作同位语时不可缺少连词。如：
∧ (That) she is beautiful is known to us all.
We heard the news ∧ (that) our team had won.
④ even 后可能缺少 if 或 though。如：
He walks as ∧ (if 或 though) he were drunk. www.68lou.com
三、缺一代词
① 充当定语从句主语的关系代词不能缺少。如：
The accident ∧ (that) happened yesterday was very serious.
② 英语中用来替代前面的“the + 名词”的 that(单数)和 those(复数)，在汉语中往往很可能漏掉。如：
The population of China is much larger than ∧ (that) of Japan.
These shirts are expensive, but∧ (those) which we saw the other day were even more expensive.
四、缺一助动词或连系动词 be
① 表语不是名词时，可能缺少连系动词 be，因为汉语在这种情况下不用“是”。如：
He ∧ (is) afraid of his father.
The match ∧ (is) over.
② 被动语态中缺少助动词 be，成了主动语态。如：
He has ∧ (been) asked to sing in English.
③ 完成体中缺少助动词 have，成了一般过去时。如：
We realized that we ∧ (had) lost our way.
They ∧ (have) lived here since 1980.
④ 在倒装句中缺少助动词或情态动词。如：
Hardly ∧ (had) I reached the bus stop when the bus started.
Seldom ∧ (do) I get invited into the office alone.
Only in this way ∧ (can) you learn English well.
五、缺一冠词
① 在 such 或 so + 形容词与单数可数名词连用时，不可缺 a (an)。如：
He is such ∧ (an) honest boy that all of us like him.
This is so good ∧ (a) book that I read it again.
② 表示“有些”时，little, few前面不可缺少 a。如：
Don’t hurry. There is ∧ (a) little time left.
③ many 前有 great, good 时，要加 a。如：∧(a) great many people.若 many 后接单数名词，中间须有 a (an)。如：Many ∧ (a) man has tried it before.
④ 一些不可数名词前，有形容词修饰表示“一种(场)等”时，要加 a (an)。如：
It’s ∧ (a) famous Chinese tea.
There was∧ (a) heavy rain last night.
⑤ 用专有名词表示“一个像(叫)……的人”时，用 a (an), 如：
He wished to be ∧ (a) Lei Feng.
∧ (A) Mr Wang called you up just now.
⑥“形容词比较级 + of the two…”前必须用 the。如：
He is ∧ (the) better one of the two.
六、缺to
① 不定式充当各种成分，一般都不能缺少 to。如：
She went there ∧ (to) see her mother.
He asked me not ∧ (to) go there.
I have something important ∧ (to) tell you.
② make, let, have, see, hear, notice, observe, watch 等动词变成被动语态时，充当主语补足语的不定式前的 to需还原。如：
She was made ∧ (to) do heavy work.
The blind man was seen ∧ (to) cross the street.
如果觉得高考英语短文改错考点归纳-错词及缺词不错，可以推荐给好友哦。